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Planning Lightning Protection for WISP Radios, Antennas and Cabling
LightningThe potential for lightning damage to radio equipment should always be considered when planning a wireless link. A variety of lightning protection and grounding devices are available for use on buildings, towers, antennas, cables, and equipment, whether located inside or outside the site, that could be damaged by a lightning strike. Lightning protection requirements are based on the exposure at the site, the cost of link down-time, and local building and electrical codes. If the link is critical, and the site is in an active lightning area, attention to thorough lightning protection and grounding is critical. Lightning ProtectionTo provide effective lightning protection, install antennas in locations that are unlikely to receive direct lightning strikes, or install lightning rods to protect antennas from direct strikes. Make sure that cables and equipment are properly grounded to provide low-impedance paths for lightning currents. Install surge suppressors on telephone lines and power lines. BWE recommends lightning protection for both coaxial and control cables leading to the wireless transverter. The lightning protection should be placed at points close to where the cable passes through the bulkhead into the building, as well as near the transverter. Coaxial CableBecause the coaxial line carries a DC current to supply power to the transverter, gas-discharge surge arrestors are required. Do not use quarter-wave stub or solid-state type surge arrestors. When the entire coaxial cable, from the building entrance to the transverter, is encased in steel conduit, no surge arrestors are required. However, local electrical codes require that the conduit be grounded where it enters the building. When steel conduit is not used to encase the cable, each cable requires one surge arrestor within 2 feet of the building entrance, and another surge arrestor within 10 feet of the transverter. |
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